Voice এর ৯ Structures, উদাহরনসহ বিস্তারিত। Object এর প্রকারভেদ।

গত ব্লগে আমরা Voice ও তার প্রাথমিক Transformations গুলো জেনেছি,

সেগুলোকে ভিত্তি হিসেবে ধরে এখন Tense এর 12 Structure এর 9 টির Passive করার Structure আমরা দেখে নিব, ইতোমধ্যে আমরা জেনেছি Perfect Continuous এর Passive Voice হয়না,

তাহলে চলুন শুরু করি,

Active Tense Structure থেকে Passive Voice পরিবর্তন করার Structures.

PRESENT INDEFINITE TENSE

Active : Subject + V(s/es) + Object.

example :

He reads a magazine.
Mr Rony teaches us English.

Passive : (Object + am/is/are + V (past participle) + by + Subject)

example : 

A magazine is read by him.
We are taught English by Mr Rony.

এখানে, একটা লক্ষ্যণীয় বিষয় হচ্ছে- যখন বাক্যে Object ২ টা থাকে তখন যেকোনো একটাকেই Subject ধরা যায় Passive করার সময়। তবে Indirect (ব্যক্তিবাচক) Object টিকে Passive এ Subject করা শ্রেয়।

Note :- Object ২ প্রকার, Direct Object বা গৌণকর্ম Indirect Object বা মূখ্য কর্ম। যেটি কাজ গ্রহণ করে সেটি Indirect Object আর যেটির ওপর কাজ পতিত হয় সেটি Direct Object.

উল্লেখ্য যে, যেহেতু গ্রহণ করে সেই কারণে Indirect Object অবশ্যই প্রাণীবাচক হয়। আর Direct Object বস্তুবাচক।

PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE

Active : (Subject + am/is/are + V(ing) + Object)

example : 

 He is reading a book.
She is eating mangoes.

Passive :  (Subject + am/is/are + being + V(past participle) + by + Object)

example :

A book is being read by him.
Mangoes are being eaten by her.

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

Active : (Subject + have/has + V (past participle) + Object)

example :

She has broken the glass. (সে গ্লাসটি ভেঙেছে।)
They have bought it. (তারা এটা কিনেছে।)

Passive : (Subject + have/has + been + V(past participle) + by + Object)

example :

The glass has been broken by her.
It has been bought by them.

PAST INDEFINITE TENSE

Active : (Subject + verb(past) + Object)

example : 

He caught the bird.
I ate rice.

Passive : (Object + was/were + Verb(past participle) + by + Subject)

example : 

The bird was caught by him.
Rice was eaten by me.

PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE

Active : (Subject + was/were + Verb(ing) + Object)

example : 

Qulsoom was drawing a picture.
They were helping me.

Passive : (Object + was/were + being + Verb(past participle) + by + Subject)

example :

A picture was being drawn by Qulsoom.
I was being helped by them.

PAST PERFECT TENSE

Active : (Subject + had + Verb(past participle) + Object + clause)

example : 

She had called me before I awoke.
We had completed  our task before we went  to sleep.

Passive : (Object + had been + Verb(past participle) + by + Subject + clause)

example : 

I had been called by her before I awoke.
Our task had been completed by us before we went to sleep.

FUTURE INDEFINITE TENSE :

Active : (Subject + Shall/will+ Verb + Oobject)

example :

I shall eat rice.
He will sell the dog.

Passive : (Object + will/shall + be + Verb (past participle) + by + Subject)

example :

Rice will be eaten by me.
The dog will be sold by him.

FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE

Active : (Subject + shall/will + be + Verb(ing) + Object)

example : 

I shall be eating rice.
A man will be making a doll.

Passive : (Object + shall/will + be + being + V(past participle) + by + Subject)

example :

Rice will be being eaten by me.
A doll will be being made by a man.

FUTURE PERFECT TENSE

Active : (Subject + shall/will + have + Verb(past participle) + Object + phrase/clause)

example : 

I shall have done the work by 5p.m.
Qulsoom will have eaten rice before she will go to bed.

Passive : (Object + shall/will + have been + Verb(past participle) + by + Subject + phrase/clause)

example :

The work will have been done by me by 5 P. M.

Rice will have been eaten by Qulsoom before she will go to bed.

এখানে আপনাদের কাছে যদিও একটু জটিল মনে হচ্ছে, আমি পরবর্তীতে Voice এর Structure এর উপর আরেকটা ব্লগ লিখব, 

ঠিক যেরকম টা লিখেছিলাম Tense এর উপর, তখন আর একদমই কঠিন মনে হবেনা Voice ও।

আর এর তার আগে আরো কিছু Voice এর নিয়মাবলি রয়েছে তা দিয়ে দিব।

আশা করি ভালো লেগেছে, 

ভালো লাগলে শেয়ার করে আমাদেত সাহায্য করবেন।

From,
AK Academy